Challenges

High biomass transport cost

Biomass is bulky and could result in high transportation costs. Related collection costs could al...

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Efforts and costs required for biomass pre-treatment

Biomass is a heterogeneous matter, so it requires pre-treatments to homogenize it for use in bior...

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Coordination between multiple stakeholders

A key challenge in managing biomass supply chains for biorefineries is the development of busines...

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Lack of performance data for biomass

For many biomass supply chain models, and especially for those using newer biomass feedstock, dat...

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Scaling up challenges

Biorefineries face multiple challenges while scaling up. Such challenges result both from feedsto...

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