Of all the heating and cooling systems commonly used in residential applications, the heat pump is the most complex. The controls required on a heat pump reflect that complexity. There are two reasons for this.
Since the same machinery is used for both heating and cooling, changeover controls must be provided. This means having correct thermostat switching to give stable and economical control in both modes of operation.
The use of multiple sources of heat implies that control logic must provide a means of using the most economical heat source first and still maintain good comfort. In the event of a heat pump malfunction, the controls must be capable of handling an emergency heat source.
As heat pumps become more mainstream and start getting used for a variety of industrial and commercial applications, the importance of control systems to maintain smooth performance and increase overall efficiency of the heat pump systems becomes more critical.
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