We have, right in front of us, something that converts CO2 to value to everyday - plants and trees.
What can we learn from the processes used by the biomass to create value from CO2?
While we are all aware of photosynthesis using which plants turn an inorganic carbon in organic sugars, the precise process is quite intricate and makes use a special enzyme called Rubisco, which is the one that attaches itself to CO2 and then, using the energy recovered from sunlight converts it into the precursors of sugar, in a process termed Calvin–Benson-Bassham cycle. A Nature report provides more info on this process - https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/lab-rat/making-sugar-from-carbon-dioxide-the-calvin-cycle/
Why can't we use the same Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle to convert CO2 to sugar. Surely the scientist folks can create the Rubisco enzyme outside of plants?
The real challenges appears to be the speed at which the Calvin cycle happens in order to convert CO2 to sugars. Plants are not in a hurry, we humans are, though it is not clear for what.
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